What you need to know ahead of South Korea's snap presidential election

South Korea is preparing for a significant presidential election on June 3, following the removal of former President Yoon Suk Yeol from office. Yoon's presidency ended in controversy after he declared martial law for six hours in December, citing threats from 'anti-state forces' and North Korea. However, many believe his actions were driven by his own political troubles. This decision led to widespread protests and a deep division among the people, ultimately resulting in his impeachment by parliament. The constitutional court upheld this impeachment, necessitating a snap election within 60 days, as mandated by law. In the wake of Yoon's tumultuous presidency, South Korea has seen three acting presidents in just six months, with the most recent being Lee Ju-ho, the labor minister. The political landscape is now charged with uncertainty, and the new president will face the daunting task of addressing the fallout from Yoon's actions, which have shaken public confidence in the economy. Additionally, the new leader will have to navigate complex international relations, particularly with the United States and North Korea, as well as manage the country's declining birth rate, which is among the lowest in the world. Polls indicate that Lee Jae-myung, the candidate from the main opposition Democratic Party, is currently leading the race. Lee, who narrowly lost to Yoon in the previous election, is viewed by his supporters as a champion for the working class. He has a background as a factory worker and a human rights lawyer, and he promises to create a 'real Republic of Korea' with fair job opportunities. In contrast, Kim Moon-soo, the candidate from the ruling People Power Party, is focusing on economic growth and aims to foster a business-friendly environment. Other candidates include Lee Jun-seok from the New Reform Party and Kwon Young-guk from the Democratic Labor Party, among others. Notably, this election marks the first time in 18 years that no women are running for the presidency. The election day is set for June 3, with voting taking place from 6 AM to 8 PM local time. South Koreans living abroad had the opportunity to vote early from May 20 to May 25. Once the polls close, results are expected to be announced, and the winner will likely be known by the early hours of the following day. In the previous election, Yoon was declared the winner just nine hours after voting ended, highlighting the competitive nature of South Korean elections. The new president will assume office immediately, without the usual transition period, as Yoon's presidency ended abruptly. Meanwhile, Yoon faces serious legal challenges, including charges of insurrection and abuse of power, stemming from his attempt to impose martial law. His political future remains uncertain as the country looks ahead to a new chapter in its leadership.