做好準備：1976 年的熱浪可能成為我們的新常態！

The heatwave of 1976 in the UK was a remarkable event that many people still remember. During that summer, temperatures stayed above 32 degrees Celsius for 15 days in a row, and the highest temperature reached almost 36 degrees in Cheltenham. People tried all sorts of creative ways to stay cool, like wearing hats made from newspapers or balancing books on their heads while watching the Wimbledon tennis matches. Outdoor swimming pools were packed as everyone looked for relief from the heat.

Now, experts are warning that these kinds of extreme heatwaves could become a normal part of life in the future if we do not reduce fossil fuel emissions and make changes to our buildings. This week, the UK is experiencing another period of very hot weather, with temperatures expected to break records in some areas. Scientists from Reading, Oxford, and Newcastle Universities have been studying what might happen if these trends continue. The Met Office predicts that by 2056, England could see temperatures as high as 45 degrees Celsius, with Wales reaching 41, Scotland 38, and Belfast 30. The UK Health Security Agency has even advised schools to close their windows if it gets hotter outside than inside, and to stop using fans if the temperature goes above 35 degrees.

Professor Ed Hawkins from the University of Reading explained that the 1976 heatwave happened in a much cooler world. Since then, the planet has warmed up, mostly because of burning fossil fuels. He believes that heatwaves like the one in 1976 will become much more common in the coming decades. People born in 1976 could experience 45-degree heat when they retire, and children born today will have to deal with these extreme temperatures as adults. Professor Hayley Fowler from Newcastle University pointed out that the 1976 heatwave caused major problems, such as failed harvests and wildfires. She warned that these impacts will become normal if we do not act quickly to reduce emissions and adapt our homes, schools, hospitals, and workplaces. Professor Liz Bentley from the Royal Meteorological Society shared her own memories of 1976, saying she did not know how her mother managed with three children and no running water. She stressed that mothers, pregnant women, children, and vulnerable people will suffer greatly if we do not take steps to protect them. Professor Paul Behrens from Oxford University added that British families could struggle to afford food as heatwaves cause crops to fail in the UK and around the world. In the past, the UK could import food when harvests failed, but in the future, extreme weather could affect many countries at once, making food more expensive and harder to get. The message from all these experts is clear: we need to act now to prevent these problems from becoming a regular part of life.