研究發現交通噪音使鳥類變得具有攻擊性

A recent study has revealed that excessive noise from traffic can lead to changes in the behavior of birds, particularly the Galapagos yellow warblers. These birds, known for their bright yellow plumage and greenish wing feathers, have been the focus of research conducted by experts at Anglia Ruskin University in Cambridge. The researchers aimed to understand how vehicle noise pollution affects the behavior of these songbirds in the Galapagos Islands. Their findings indicate that yellow warblers residing near busy roads exhibit increased aggression compared to those living in quieter environments. This heightened aggression is attributed to the interference caused by loud sounds, which disrupts the birds' ability to communicate effectively. Dr. Caglar Akcay, a senior lecturer at ARU, emphasized the significant impact that human activities have on wildlife, expressing hope that the study's results will contribute to better conservation strategies. The research team simulated an intruder by playing birdsong from a speaker at 38 different locations where the yellow warblers were found. Out of these sites, twenty were located within 50 meters of the nearest road, while eighteen were situated more than 100 meters away. The researchers measured the birds' songs, which are typically used to ward off intruders, as well as their physical aggressive behaviors, such as approaching the speaker closely and making repeated flights around it. The results showed that when external noise, such as traffic, interfered with the birds' songs, it blocked their communication channels, leading to increased aggression. Even minimal levels of traffic noise were found to affect the birds' responses. Interestingly, the yellow warblers also adjusted the minimum frequencies of their songs during the noise experiments, regardless of how close they were to the road. This adaptation helped reduce any overlap between their songs and the low-frequency sounds of traffic. Dr. Akcay pointed out that this study highlights the importance of considering behavioral flexibility in conservation efforts and developing strategies to mitigate the effects of noise pollution on wildlife. The research also included contributions from experts at the Konrad Lorenz Research Centre at the University of Vienna in Austria. The Galapagos Islands, located over 500 miles off the coast of Ecuador, are renowned for their unique biodiversity and played a crucial role in Charles Darwin's development of the theory of evolution by natural selection.