「哎呀，太晚了」——川普最新驅逐令考驗美國法院

Recently, Donald Trump, the former president of the United States, made a strong commitment to combat gang violence and increase deportations. On a Saturday, the U. S. government arranged for numerous Venezuelans to be flown to a large prison in El Salvador, which is known for housing alleged gang members. However, a federal judge intervened, instructing the government lawyers to return the planes, stating that they should do so 'however that's accomplished — whether turning around the plane or not. ' Unfortunately, the government did not comply with this order, and the planes continued their journey. Following the arrival of the deportees in El Salvador, the country's president, Nayib Bukele, humorously remarked on social media, 'Oopsie…too late,' accompanied by a laughing emoji. This incident has sparked significant concerns regarding the White House's willingness to disregard a federal court order, potentially leading to a confrontation with the judicial branch of the U. S. government. In the American political system, there are checks and balances in place, which means that federal courts in the judicial branch are responsible for reviewing actions taken by the president and government agencies in the executive branch that are tasked with enforcing laws passed by Congress. When a judge issues an order, it is binding, and failing to comply can result in civil and criminal penalties. However, it is rare for such situations to escalate to that level, as parties typically respect a judge's ruling. White House officials have stated that they did not intentionally ignore the court's ruling. They argued that since Judge James Boasberg's order was given orally rather than in writing, it was not enforceable, and they claimed that the planes had already departed the U. S. by the time the order was issued. Nevertheless, a timeline of events reported by U. S. media indicates that the Trump administration had the opportunity to halt at least some of the deportations. Legal experts have been closely monitoring the White House's response to judges across the nation who have paused or blocked its actions, including the mass termination of federal employees and the freezing of federal funds. Constitutional scholars are particularly vigilant for any signs that the president may openly defy the courts. Elora Mukherjee, the director of the Immigrants' Rights Clinic at Columbia Law School, expressed concern, stating, 'The Trump administration is pushing the bounds of executive authority, especially on immigration issues. ' She further warned that when the executive branch willfully disregards clear and specific court orders, as it did with the Venezuelan deportation flights, the system of checks and balances established by the U. S. Constitution is at risk, and democracy itself is threatened. The federal judge involved in the recent ruling, Judge Boasberg, issued his order after five Venezuelans in federal custody filed a lawsuit challenging their deportation under an 18th-century law that has not been utilized since World War II. The Alien Enemies Act of 1798 grants the president broad powers to order the detention and deportation of individuals from an 'enemy' nation without adhering to the usual legal processes. According to U. S. officials, over 130 individuals on the Venezuelan deportation flights were expelled under this law, a move seemingly designed to expedite the process and avoid immediate judicial scrutiny. Lee Gelernt, the deputy director of the American Civil Liberties Union's Immigrant's Rights Project, expressed his belief that the Trump administration had improperly invoked the 1798 act. He cautioned, 'The other dangerous part of this is that the government is saying the federal courts have no role in this, that the federal courts in the United States can't review what President Trump has done. ' He emphasized that this argument poses a significant danger. During a hearing, Judge Boasberg demanded clarification regarding the timing of the flights in relation to his order for the planes to return to the U. S. Trump administration officials maintained that they respect court orders and adhere to the law, asserting that 'an oral directive is not enforceable as an injunction. ' The judge requested further details about the flights by noon on Tuesday and scheduled another hearing for Friday. Frustration is growing within the White House and among conservatives who believe that lower-level judges are overstepping their authority by delaying or suspending the implementation of the president's executive orders. Trump expressed his discontent, stating, 'It's a judge that's putting himself in the position of the president of the United States, who was elected by close to 80 million votes. That's a very dangerous thing for our country. ' He suggested that they might need to seek a decision from the Supreme Court. The nine-member U. S. Supreme Court, which has a conservative majority, including three justices appointed by Trump during his first term, could ultimately decide the outcome of these escalating legal battles. Last week, the Trump administration requested the Supreme Court to intervene and overturn a lower court's suspension of an order that would revoke automatic citizenship for children of undocumented migrants born on U. S. soil. This request is still pending. Trump's efforts to reduce the federal workforce, close federal agencies, suspend refugee admissions and asylum claims, and freeze government loans and grants are all currently navigating through the U. S. court system at varying speeds. Each case presents its own unique legal challenges, but they all involve the ability of judges to delay and scrutinize presidential actions. With the Venezuelan deportees already in El Salvador, Judge Boasberg may have limited options to address their situation, but he could still impose sanctions on Trump administration officials if he determines they defied his order. This may lead to a legal battle that Trump is willing to engage in, confident that the political advantage of being seen as removing what he claims are dangerous gang members will outweigh any legal setbacks. White House Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt stated on Monday, 'A single judge in a single city cannot direct the movements of an aircraft carrying foreign alien terrorists who were physically expelled from U. S. soil. ' Previous presidents, both Democrats and Republicans, have often complained about being hindered by lower-level judges who issue sweeping rulings that undermine their policy-making efforts. Some have questioned the authority of these judges to do so. In the coming months, Trump may be the one to escalate this conflict toward a more definitive resolution.