土壤鹽鹼化？科學家訓練微生物幫助作物在氣候變遷中茁壯成長

Researchers in England are exploring new ways to help farmers grow crops in soil that is becoming saltier due to climate change. The University of Lincoln is conducting a study to see if using small amounts of seawater in irrigation can help crops survive and thrive. Professor Matthew Goddard, who is leading the research, explained that soil microbes, which are tiny organisms living in the earth, can be trained to tolerate saltier conditions. These microbes play a crucial role in helping plants grow, and if they adapt to salt, the crops can continue to produce food.

The scientists carried out experiments by watering crops with low levels of seawater. They discovered that the naturally occurring microbial communities in the soil changed over time and became better at handling salty conditions. This adaptation allowed the crops to keep growing and maintain their yields, even when the soil was saltier than usual. In Lincolnshire, farmers are facing a tough situation because their land is low-lying and close to the sea. This makes it vulnerable to tidal surges and flooding, which brings more salt into the soil and irrigation channels. The researchers wanted to see what would happen if they made the soil salty, similar to what is expected in the future due to climate change. They used current rainfall patterns and added salt to the soil to simulate these conditions.

Professor Goddard believes this research is promising. By exposing soils to low levels of saline irrigation, farmers can encourage the soil microbes to adapt, which helps crops survive in saltier environments. This approach could be combined with other methods to create a sustainable way to manage food production as the climate changes. The scientists are also studying how salinity interacts with fertilizers and crop diseases. Early results suggest that increased salinity might help reduce certain plant diseases. This research is important for ensuring food security in the future, as it could help farmers around the world continue to grow food despite the challenges posed by climate change. The team will keep investigating to find more solutions for farmers.