小行星撞擊：北海隱藏的隕石坑引發巨型海嘯之謎

A team of scientists has uncovered new evidence that an asteroid struck the North Sea more than 43 million years ago, causing a massive tsunami and leaving behind a large crater beneath the seabed. The crater, known as the Silverpit Crater, is about 1. 9 miles wide and sits roughly 80 miles off the coast of East Yorkshire. This discovery helps solve a long-standing mystery about how the crater was formed, as geologists have debated its origins since it was first discovered in 2002.

For years, some experts believed the Silverpit Crater was created by the movement of salt rock or volcanic activity beneath the ocean floor. However, recent research using advanced seismic imaging and rock sample analysis has revealed that the crater was actually formed by a 535-foot-wide asteroid crashing into the Earth. Dr Uisdean Nicholson, an associate professor at Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh, explained that new technology allowed the team to map the crater and study its structure in detail. They also found rare 'shocked' quartz samples, which can only be created by the extreme pressure of an asteroid impact.

Dr Nicholson described the discovery of these quartz samples as a 'needle-in-a-haystack' effort, but their presence confirms that the crater was caused by an asteroid. The impact would have generated a tsunami over 328 feet high, reshaping the landscape of the North Sea. The crater itself is hidden beneath the seabed, so scientists used scanning equipment similar to ultrasound to create images of its shape and size. Dr Nicholson noted that impact craters like Silverpit are rare, with only about 200 confirmed on land and 33 beneath the ocean. He also mentioned the Chicxulub Crater in Mexico, which was formed by an asteroid 66 million years ago and is believed to have led to the extinction of the dinosaurs. By studying these craters, scientists can learn more about how asteroid impacts have shaped our planet and prepare for the possibility of future collisions.