海洋如何成為氣候變遷的關鍵

In the South West of England, particularly in Devon and Cornwall, hundreds of scientists are exploring how the sea can play a vital role in fighting climate change. Universities in the region are leading research into restoring important marine habitats such as seagrass meadows and oyster beds, as well as investigating seaweed as a sustainable food source. These efforts are part of a global movement to understand and protect our oceans. Professor Martin Attrill from the University of Plymouth highlights that the knowledge coming from this area rivals that of major marine science centers around the world, including California and Australia. His work focuses on encouraging the return of seagrass meadows in several coastal locations, which are crucial for storing carbon and supporting marine life.

Another key area of research involves oysters. Dr Ruth Thurstan from the University of Exeter is part of an international team studying historic oyster beds that were lost during the Victorian era. Oysters once formed vast reefs that helped maintain healthy seas by filtering water and providing habitats for many species. By studying these reefs, scientists can learn how human activities have changed marine environments and guide efforts to restore oyster beds worldwide.

Sustainable aquaculture is also a focus, with the UK's first large-scale mussel farm located off the coast of Sidmouth in Devon. Developed with help from Dr Emma Sheehan of the University of Plymouth, this farm uses environmentally friendly methods to grow mussels that filter and clean the ocean. The farm could become the largest in Europe and provides habitats for various marine animals such as lobsters and small sharks. Researchers are tracking these animals to understand how the farm benefits local fisheries. Additionally, seaweed farming is being explored as a sustainable food source, with companies like SeaGen working to develop new solutions to combat climate change.

Beyond plants and animals, scientists are also studying microscopic marine fungi that may help process carbon in the ocean and fight drug-resistant infections. Dr Michael Cunliffe from the Marine Biological Association in Plymouth is investigating these tiny organisms and their potential benefits. Meanwhile, Dr Ed Gasson from the University of Exeter is part of a team studying Antarctic ice sheets, showing how changes in distant parts of the world can be connected to local environments like beaches in Cornwall. This wide range of research highlights the important role the sea plays in addressing global environmental challenges.