川普的好萊塢關稅計畫可能產生什麼影響？

US President Donald Trump has recently proposed a significant change to the film industry by suggesting a 100% tariff on movies produced in foreign countries. This announcement has sent shockwaves through Hollywood, as many industry professionals are concerned about the potential impact on their livelihoods and the future of filmmaking in the United States. Trump claims that the American movie industry is 'dying' and believes that imposing such tariffs will help revive it by encouraging audiences to watch more films made in America. The film industry has faced numerous challenges in recent years, particularly due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which forced many productions to shut down. As a result, Hollywood studios have been struggling to recover financially. In the second quarter of 2024, studios spent approximately $11. 3 billion on productions, but they are still grappling with the effects of the pandemic. Additionally, the recent strikes by actors and writers have further complicated the situation, leading to delays and disruptions in film production. Despite these challenges, there have been some signs of recovery, with box office revenues increasing by 15. 8% compared to the previous year. Marvel's Thunderbolts has emerged as a box office hit, earning an estimated $76 million and signaling a promising start to the summer season. However, the industry remains under pressure, and Trump's proposed tariffs raise several important questions. For instance, will these tariffs also apply to American film companies that produce movies abroad? Many successful films, such as Deadpool and Mission Impossible, have been shot outside the US, and it remains unclear how the tariffs would affect these productions. Trump has indicated that he wants to ensure that movies are made in America again, but the specifics of how this will be implemented are still uncertain. The White House has stated that no final decisions have been made regarding foreign film tariffs, and they are exploring various options. Other countries, including New Zealand and Australia, offer tax incentives to attract film productions, which is a factor that influences American companies to film abroad. California is also facing competition from other US states, such as Georgia and Kentucky, which are trying to lure productions with better tax incentives. Governor Gavin Newsom of California is advocating for an increase in the state's film and TV tax incentives to $750 million annually, but Trump has criticized him, calling him 'grossly incompetent. ' The proposed tariffs raise questions about how they would be enforced. The World Trade Organization currently has a moratorium on tariffs for digital goods until 2026, and it is unclear whether films would fall under this category. Additionally, there are uncertainties about how the tariffs would be calculated—would they be based on box office revenue, production costs, or streaming content? This ambiguity could have significant implications for companies like Netflix. The film industry is also concerned about the potential impact on jobs. Many skilled freelancers in the UK and other countries fear that the tariffs could harm their industries as well. The UK government's Culture Media and Sport Committee has warned that making it more difficult to produce films in the UK is not in the best interest of American businesses. If American films are not partially produced in the UK, many freelancers could find themselves out of work. The governments of Australia and New Zealand have expressed their support for their film industries and are awaiting further details about the proposed tariffs. As the Cannes film festival approaches, uncertainty looms over many US film producers who are looking to sell foreign distribution rights. While the tariffs could incentivize US film companies to produce more films domestically, there is a risk that if it becomes too expensive to do so, some films may never get made. Experts warn that the introduction of these tariffs could further harm the industry, as other countries may retaliate by imposing tariffs on American films, making it more challenging for these films to generate profits overseas. In conclusion, the proposed tariffs on foreign films have sparked a heated debate within the film industry, raising questions about their potential impact on jobs, production, and the overall health of the American film market. As the situation continues to develop, industry professionals are closely monitoring the situation to understand how these changes may affect their work and the future of filmmaking.