美國總統大選會定義加密貨幣的未來嗎？

The upcoming US presidential election is poised to have a significant impact on the future of cryptocurrency, a rapidly evolving and often controversial sector of the financial world. As the election draws near, the cryptocurrency industry is investing heavily in political donations, hoping to sway the outcome in favor of candidates who are more sympathetic to their interests. This election is particularly crucial as all 435 seats in the House of Representatives and 33 of the 100 Senate seats are up for grabs. The two main candidates, Donald Trump and Kamala Harris, have starkly different views on cryptocurrency, which could shape the regulatory landscape for years to come. Donald Trump has openly embraced the cryptocurrency movement, promising to position the United States as the 'crypto capital of the world. ' He has even proposed the creation of a 'strategic national bitcoin stockpile,' akin to the US government's gold reserves. This marks a significant shift from his previous stance three years ago when he dismissed Bitcoin as a scam and a threat to the US dollar. In contrast, the Biden administration, with Kamala Harris as vice president, has taken a more cautious approach, implementing strict regulations on cryptocurrency firms. Recently, Sam Bankman-Fried, the founder of the cryptocurrency exchange FTX, was arrested for fraud after allegedly stealing billions from customers. This incident has raised concerns about the integrity of the cryptocurrency market and the need for stronger regulations. Additionally, Changpeng Zhao, the CEO of Binance, the world's largest cryptocurrency exchange, faced legal issues and admitted to allowing criminal activities on his platform, resulting in a hefty fine. The SEC, under Gary Gensler's leadership, has been actively pursuing enforcement actions against cryptocurrency firms, with a record 46 cases filed last year alone. Gensler emphasizes the importance of adhering to established laws designed to protect investors, which have been in place since the SEC's inception in 1934, following the Great Depression. He warns that while cryptocurrency may be a small part of the overall financial market, it has the potential to undermine public trust in these markets. Supporters of cryptocurrency argue that it offers a fast, cost-effective, and secure method for transferring funds. However, a recent survey conducted by the Federal Reserve revealed a decline in the number of Americans using cryptocurrency. While Harris has remained relatively quiet on the issue, one of her advisors indicated that she would support policies that foster the growth of emerging technologies, including cryptocurrency. Recent meetings between her team and industry leaders have aimed to build trust and optimism for the future, regardless of the election's outcome. Paul Grewal, the chief legal officer at Coinbase, a prominent cryptocurrency exchange, highlighted the global significance of the US's approach to cryptocurrency regulation. He noted that the US is a vital market for cryptocurrency and that many key technologies have originated there. Grewal stressed that every vote matters in this tight election, including those from cryptocurrency supporters. Meanwhile, the regulatory landscape for cryptocurrency is evolving not only in the US but also in Europe. The European Union has introduced measures to mitigate the risks associated with cryptocurrency, particularly concerning criminal activities. However, some regulators are moving at a slower pace. The G20, a coalition of major economies, is working on establishing minimum standards for cryptocurrency, but these guidelines are not legally binding, leading to slow adoption. In the US, a bill aimed at regulating cryptocurrency has passed the House but is currently stalled in the Senate. Critics argue that the proposed legislation may not provide adequate consumer protections. Grewal supports the bill, asserting that the cryptocurrency industry is not resistant to regulation but seeks to have the same standards applied to it as those governing other financial assets. As the November elections approach, the cryptocurrency industry is keenly aware of the opportunity to influence lawmakers who are more favorable to their interests. By last month, the sector had already spent an unprecedented amount on political donations, according to research conducted by the non-profit organization Public Citizen. Rick Claypool, the research director at Public Citizen, noted that the funds are being used to support pro-crypto candidates and challenge critics, regardless of their political affiliation. The cryptocurrency industry has outspent all other sectors in corporate donations, aiming to persuade Congress to relax oversight and reduce consumer protections. This highlights the critical role that the upcoming election will play in shaping the future of cryptocurrency regulation in the United States.