歐盟嚴厲打擊Google的AI摘要功能：創作者要求公平競爭！

The European Union has launched an investigation into Google’s use of artificial intelligence-generated summaries that appear above search results. The European Commission is examining whether Google is using data from various websites to create these summaries and if the company is failing to provide fair compensation to the publishers whose content is being used. Additionally, the investigation will look into how YouTube videos may have contributed to the development of Google’s broader AI systems, and whether content creators have the ability to opt out of having their material used for AI training.

A spokesperson for Google responded to the investigation by saying that it could potentially slow down innovation in a market that is already highly competitive. The spokesperson emphasized that Europeans should be able to benefit from the latest technologies and that Google will continue to collaborate with news and creative industries as they adapt to the growing influence of AI. The EU’s inquiry also includes Google’s AI Mode, which provides users with conversational answers and links to other web pages, offering an experience similar to other AI platforms like ChatGPT.

The introduction of Google’s AI Overview summaries has raised concerns among publishers and content creators. Many worry that these summaries reduce the number of people who click on actual web pages, which in turn decreases advertising revenue for those sites. For instance, the Daily Mail reported that the number of users clicking on its links from Google search results dropped by about 50 percent after the AI Overview feature was introduced. The European Commission is concerned that both web publishers and YouTube creators are not being properly compensated or given the chance to opt out of their content being used to train Google’s AI models.

Ed Newton-Rex, from the AI fairness group Fairly Trained, described it as “career suicide” for creators to avoid publishing their work online, since Google essentially requires that their work be available for AI training if they want to reach an audience. He told the BBC that Google makes it a condition of online publishing that the company can use creators’ work to build AI that could compete with them. Rosa Curling, co-executive director of the campaign group Foxglove, welcomed the EU’s investigation but warned that there are still serious risks to journalism and democracy. She called for an urgent opt-out option for news publishers to prevent Google from using their reporting without permission, arguing that action is needed now rather than after the investigation concludes.

The core issue for the European Commission is whether Google has used the work of others published online to build its own AI tools, which the company can then profit from. Generative AI systems are now capable of producing text, images, and videos in seconds, using vast amounts of online content for training. Many creators are concerned that their work has been used as the foundation for these AI products without proper recognition or compensation. The Commission’s executive vice-president, Teresa Ribera, stated that a free and democratic society relies on diverse media, open access to information, and a vibrant creative landscape. She acknowledged that AI brings remarkable innovation and many benefits, but stressed that its growth should not undermine the EU’s values.

The EU has recently enforced strict digital rules, which can result in significant fines for tech companies found to be in violation. These actions have sparked criticism from US lawmakers, but the EU maintains that protecting creators and ensuring fair practices in the digital world are essential. The investigation into Google’s AI practices is seen as a crucial step in addressing the challenges faced by publishers, creators, and the broader media landscape as AI technology continues to evolve.