科技製造業曾為亞洲提供動力，如今卻成為川普關稅的犧牲品

President Donald Trump began his trade war with the goal of bringing jobs and manufacturing back to the United States. He wanted to reduce the trade deficit and make it easier for American companies to compete with businesses from other countries. However, after months of negotiations and many countries refusing to meet the demands of the US, Trump’s approach has become more aggressive. He has now imposed a new set of tariffs that affect not just China, but also other Asian countries like Vietnam, Thailand, and India.

When Trump first put tariffs on Chinese goods, many American companies tried to avoid the extra costs by moving their production to other countries in Asia. This strategy, known as 'China+1', allowed companies to keep their supply chains running without paying the high tariffs. But with the new round of tariffs, these countries are no longer safe havens. Now, products made in Vietnam, Thailand, and India are also being taxed when they enter the US. This has caused stock markets in countries like Taiwan and South Korea to drop, as these countries are major players in the electronics industry.

Big American companies like Apple and Nvidia are now facing higher costs for the parts they need to make their products. These companies rely on a network of suppliers across Asia for things like chips, batteries, and other components. For example, Apple makes most of its iPhones in China, Vietnam, and India. The company recently reported strong earnings, but now faces uncertainty because of the new tariffs. Apple’s CEO, Tim Cook, said that tariffs have already cost the company $800 million in the last quarter, and could add another $1. 1 billion in the next quarter.

The impact of these tariffs is not limited to just big tech companies. Many Asian economies have grown wealthy by exporting goods to the US. Countries like Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan have built their economies around manufacturing and exporting products like cars, electronics, and computer chips. The new tariffs threaten this business model, as it will become more expensive for American companies to buy these products. This could lead to fewer jobs and less economic growth in these countries.

The situation is especially complicated for the semiconductor industry. Taiwan produces more than half of the world’s computer chips, and now faces a 20% tariff on its exports to the US. These chips are essential for everything from smartphones to artificial intelligence. American companies like Nvidia, which use advanced chips made by Taiwan’s TSMC, will have to pay more to get the technology they need.

Online shopping companies are also feeling the effects of the new tariffs. In the past, packages worth less than $800 were exempt from customs duties. This rule helped companies like Shein and Temu, which sell a lot of products online to American customers. But Trump has now removed this exemption, making it more expensive for people in the US to buy goods from these companies. Even American online marketplaces like eBay and Etsy are affected, as the prices of second-hand and handmade items will go up.

President Trump argues that these tariffs are necessary to protect American jobs and industries. However, in a globalized world where supply chains stretch across many countries, the impact of tariffs is complex. American companies and consumers may end up paying higher prices, and the uncertainty makes it difficult for businesses to plan for the future. With so many changes happening so quickly, it is hard to predict who will benefit and who will lose in the long run.