《這是命運》：吉米卡特如何擁抱中國並改變歷史

In January 1979, a significant event unfolded in Washington, D. C. Former President Jimmy Carter welcomed a historic guest, Deng Xiaoping, who was the first leader of Communist China to visit the United States. This meeting marked the beginning of a diplomatic relationship that would have a lasting impact on the world. On that bright January morning, Deng arrived to a snowy welcome, greeted by high-ranking officials, including the Vice President and the Secretary of State. This moment was not just a meeting between two leaders; it was the start of a partnership that would help China grow its economy and change the dynamics of international relations. Carter often remarked that it was destiny that brought him and China together, as he shared a birthday with the founding of the People's Republic of China. Even after his presidency, he worked diligently to maintain a close bond with the Chinese people, although the relationship between the United States and China became more strained over time. Nevertheless, Carter is still regarded as a cherished figure in China for his role in helping the country emerge from isolation during the 1970s. The Chinese government expressed its condolences upon his passing, referring to him as the 'driving force' behind the 1979 agreement. The Chinese internet even honored him with the title 'Meirenzong,' meaning 'benevolent American,' a title once reserved for emperors, highlighting the deep respect they held for him. Jimmy Carter's first encounter with China occurred in 1949 when he was a young naval officer. At that time, China was in the midst of a civil war, and Carter's submarine unit was sent to assist the Kuomintang troops against the Communist forces led by Mao Zedong. Little did he know that decades later, he would meet Deng Xiaoping as leaders of their respective nations. The groundwork for this relationship was laid by former President Richard Nixon and his Secretary of State, Henry Kissinger, who sought to engage with China to counter the Soviet Union. However, it was under Carter's leadership that the two countries took significant steps toward deeper ties. In December 1978, the United States and China announced their intention to recognize each other and establish diplomatic relations starting January 1, 1979. This announcement surprised the world and brought joy to the Chinese people, but it also created tension with Taiwan, which had relied on U. S. support against Chinese claims. Carter's decision to switch recognition from Taiwan to Beijing was a pivotal moment in U. S. -China relations, acknowledging that there was only one Chinese government, located in Beijing. This decision raised questions about the U. S. commitment to its allies, leading Congress to pass a law ensuring the right to provide Taiwan with defensive weapons, creating a complex situation in U. S. foreign policy. Historians agree that 1979 marked a turning point in global power dynamics, uniting the U. S. and China against the Soviet Union and paving the way for peace and economic growth in East Asia. The unique friendship between Carter and Deng Xiaoping played a crucial role in this diplomatic success. Carter described his interactions with Deng as a pleasure, noting their shared common sense and straightforward personalities. Deng had survived political purges under Mao and emerged as one of China's most influential leaders. Historians credit his vision and frankness for the success of their negotiations. Deng recognized the opportunity presented by Carter to modernize China and counter Soviet influence. During Deng's visit to the U. S. , he made a memorable impression, even donning a cowboy hat at a Texas rodeo, which delighted the American public. Carter praised Deng as smart, tough, and personable, and their meetings were filled with warmth and camaraderie. This friendship helped to foster a positive relationship between the two nations, leading to increased trade and cooperation. Under Carter's leadership, China was granted 'most favored nation' trade status, which significantly boosted its economy. Within a year, trade between the two countries doubled, and China became an essential trade partner not only for the U. S. but for the world, contributing to its remarkable growth. Even after leaving office, Carter maintained a strong connection with China. He returned to the country several times and engaged in humanitarian efforts, including helping to build homes for victims of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake. His humble background and genuine care for others endeared him to many Chinese people. However, as the U. S. -China relationship became more complicated, particularly under Xi Jinping's leadership, Carter faced challenges in maintaining his ties with the Chinese government. During one visit, he felt disrespected when key officials did not attend a dinner held in his honor, which left him feeling angry and disheartened. Despite these difficulties, Carter's legacy in China remains significant, and he is remembered as a leader who played a vital role in fostering a positive relationship between the two countries.