當 AWS 陷入癱瘓：DNS 故障如何摧毀網路巨頭

Amazon Web Services, known as AWS, experienced a major outage on Monday that disrupted the internet for millions of users and affected over 1,000 companies. AWS is a massive technology company that provides cloud computing services, which means it offers storage, database management, and computing power to other businesses. Many popular platforms and services rely on AWS, including social media sites like Snapchat and Reddit, banks such as Lloyds and Halifax, and games like Roblox and Fortnite. When AWS went down, these services became unavailable or difficult to access for people all over the world.

The outage was caused by a Domain Name System, or DNS, error. DNS acts like a map for the internet, helping devices find the correct websites and apps when users click on links or open apps. On Monday, AWS's DNS system failed, so it could not direct internet traffic to the right places. Even though the websites and apps were still running, AWS could not find them, so users could not reach them. This type of error is common in the tech industry and can happen for several reasons, such as maintenance issues, server failures, or human mistakes. Sometimes, cyber attacks can cause DNS errors, but there is no evidence that this was the case with AWS's outage.

The problem happened at AWS's largest and oldest data center in northern Virginia. Experts say that the outage shows the risks of relying too much on one company for internet services. AWS is a giant in the cloud computing industry, and millions of businesses depend on it. If AWS has a problem, it can affect a huge number of people and companies. There are only two other major companies that offer similar services: Microsoft's Azure and Google's Cloud Platform. Smaller competitors include IBM, Alibaba, and a new European company called Stackit, but AWS is still the leader by a wide margin.

Some people argue that the UK and Europe should develop their own cloud infrastructure to avoid depending on US companies like AWS. Others believe it is too late because AWS is already so dominant. There was even a suggestion to create a UK version of AWS, but some officials thought it was unnecessary since AWS already exists. However, incidents like Monday's outage show that relying on one provider can be risky and that having more options could make the internet more reliable.

The outage also highlights how important cloud services have become in everyday life. Many people use apps, games, and websites that depend on AWS without even realizing it. When AWS goes down, it can disrupt banking, entertainment, communication, and even government services. This event is a reminder that the internet is built on complex systems that need to be carefully managed and protected.

AWS will work to fix the problems and prevent future outages, but this incident has started a conversation about the need for more competition and better infrastructure in the cloud computing industry. As technology continues to grow and more services move online, it will be important to make sure that the systems supporting the internet are strong, secure, and reliable. The AWS outage is a wake-up call for businesses, governments, and users to think about how they use cloud services and what can be done to make them safer and more dependable.