德國投票決定歷史性增加國防開支

Germany has recently made a significant decision to increase its defense spending, marking a major shift in its financial policies. The German parliament, known as the Bundestag, voted to exempt defense spending from the country's strict debt rules. This decision allows for a substantial increase in funding for defense and infrastructure, which could have a profound impact on European security. The vote, which required a two-thirds majority, took place on Tuesday and resulted in a clear approval from lawmakers. The new law will create a massive infrastructure fund of 500 billion euros, which is approximately 547 billion dollars or 420 billion pounds. This is a historic move for Germany, a country that has traditionally been cautious about accumulating debt, especially in light of its past and the global financial crisis of 2009. The decision comes at a time when the security landscape in Europe is changing, particularly due to Russia's ongoing invasion of Ukraine and uncertainties surrounding the United States' commitment to NATO and European defense. Friedrich Merz, who is expected to become Germany's next chancellor, emphasized the importance of this decision during the parliamentary debate. He stated that Germany has been living under a false sense of security for the past decade and that this vote represents a crucial step towards establishing a new European defense community. He also noted that this community would include countries that are not part of the European Union. Ursula von der Leyen, the President of the European Commission, praised the vote as excellent news, stating that it sends a strong message to Europe about Germany's determination to invest heavily in defense. Danish Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen echoed this sentiment, calling it fantastic news for all Europeans. Historically, Germany has been hesitant to increase its defense spending due to various reasons, including its post-World War II history and the financial constraints imposed by the global debt crisis. However, despite concerns that the vote might be close, the lawmakers ultimately supported the changes with a vote count of 513 in favor and 207 against, comfortably surpassing the required two-thirds majority. One prominent German newspaper referred to this day as a 'day of destiny for our nation. ' Under the new measure, any defense spending exceeding 1% of Germany's GDP will no longer be subject to borrowing limits, which were previously capped at 0. 35% of GDP. This change has the potential to significantly enhance Germany's military capabilities, which have been somewhat neglected in recent years. Additionally, the vote is not solely focused on defense; it also aims to allocate 500 billion euros for improving Germany's infrastructure, including repairs to roads and bridges, as well as addressing climate change initiatives, a point that the Green Party insisted upon. Merz, whose party recently won the general election, proposed these measures swiftly after the victory. In a recent interview, he expressed concerns about the possibility of the United States reducing its support for Europe and highlighted the worsening situation in recent weeks, particularly regarding discussions between Trump and Putin. He stated, 'That is why we have to act fast. ' This decision represents a significant political victory for Merz, who will have access to hundreds of billions of euros to invest in the state, a move that some have referred to as a 'fiscal bazooka. ' Furthermore, the approved defense plans will allow for spending on aid to countries that have been attacked in violation of international law, enabling the outgoing Chancellor Olaf Scholz to provide 3 billion euros in aid to Ukraine as early as next week. Merz strategically chose to push these changes through the existing parliament, knowing that the voting dynamics would be more favorable before the new parliament session begins on March 25. However, he faces opposition from the far-right AFD and the far-left Linke parties, both of which performed well in the recent elections. Merz has yet to finalize a coalition agreement to govern Germany following his election win, but he has ambitious plans to establish a government by Easter. Nevertheless, coalition negotiations in Germany can often take a considerable amount of time.