軌道上的握手使國際太空站成為可能

The story of the handshake in orbit that made the International Space Station possible begins in the tense days of the Cold War. In 1975, the United States and the Soviet Union were rivals, competing fiercely in the space race. But that year, something remarkable happened: astronauts from both countries met in space, docked their spacecraft, and shook hands. This event, known as the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project, marked the first time the two superpowers worked together in space. It was a turning point that eventually led to the creation of the International Space Station, where people from many countries now live and work together.

Glynn Lunney, a young but experienced NASA flight director, played a key role in making this mission happen. After helping save the Apollo 13 crew, Lunney was surprised when his boss told him he would be going to Moscow to help plan a joint mission with the Soviets. This was a big change for Lunney, who had spent his career trying to beat the Soviets in space. The goal was to dock an American Apollo capsule with a Soviet Soyuz spacecraft in orbit. This was a huge technical challenge because the two spacecraft were very different in design and operation. Even the air mixtures inside the ships were not the same. But the biggest challenge was overcoming the mistrust and cultural differences that had built up over years of rivalry.

The crews chosen for the mission were symbolic. The American team included Deke Slayton, one of the original astronauts who had waited years for his chance to fly. The Soviet team was led by Alexei Leonov, the first person to walk in space. Both sides had to learn about each other's cultures and ways of working. The Americans struggled with the Russian language and life in Moscow, while the Soviets were amazed by things like the colorful cars in the US. Despite these differences, the teams found common ground. They discovered that pilots and engineers, no matter where they are from, have a lot in common.

On July 15, 1975, the Soyuz spacecraft launched from Kazakhstan, followed by the Apollo from Florida. After two days in orbit, the two ships met and docked. When the American astronauts knocked on the Soyuz hatch, the Soviets joked, 'Who's there? ' The crews shook hands, exchanged gifts, and spent two days together in space. This moment was broadcast around the world and showed that cooperation was possible, even between rivals.

The Apollo-Soyuz mission set the stage for future collaboration. After the Cold War ended, the US and Russia worked together on more missions, including the building of the International Space Station. Today, astronauts from many countries live and work together on the ISS, even when their countries have disagreements on Earth. The story of the Apollo-Soyuz handshake is a powerful reminder that working together can help us achieve great things, and that space exploration can bring people together in ways that nothing else can.