科技公司被告知，改革演算法和年齡檢查，否則將面臨罰款

The UK has introduced new regulations aimed at protecting children online, particularly focusing on how websites manage content for young users. Ofcom, the media regulator in the UK, has announced that websites must revise their algorithms, which are the systems that recommend content, and implement stricter age verification processes. Failure to comply with these regulations could result in substantial fines. The newly published 'Children's Codes' are designed to provide enhanced protections for young people, especially on platforms that host adult content or material that could lead to self-harm, suicide, or eating disorders. Ofcom's chief, Dame Melanie Dawes, described these changes as a 'gamechanger' for online safety. However, some critics argue that the measures do not go far enough, calling them 'a bitter pill to swallow. ' Ian Russell, who founded the Molly Rose Foundation in memory of his daughter who tragically took her own life at the age of 14, expressed his disappointment with the lack of ambition in the new codes. He believes that more should be done to safeguard children from harmful online content. In response to these concerns, Dame Melanie emphasized the importance of age checks, stating that without knowing the ages of users, it is impossible to provide a safe online experience for children. She acknowledged that while no system is foolproof, these regulations represent a significant advancement in protecting young users. Dame Melanie also recognized that some companies may not fully understand the importance of these changes or may resist implementing them. However, she stressed that the Codes carry legal weight, meaning that companies must adapt their services if they wish to cater to users under 18. Professor Victoria Baines, a former safety officer at Facebook, commented that this initiative is a positive step forward. She noted that major tech companies are beginning to take these issues seriously, investing both money and personnel to improve online safety. Technology Secretary Peter Kyle highlighted that a crucial aspect of the new rules is addressing the algorithms that determine what content children see online. He pointed out that most children do not actively seek out harmful material; instead, it often appears in their feeds without warning. Kyle is also exploring the possibility of implementing a social media curfew for users under 16, but he wants to ensure that there is sufficient evidence to support such a significant change. The new regulations, which are subject to parliamentary approval under the Online Safety Act, include over 40 specific measures that tech companies must implement. These measures include adjusting algorithms to filter out harmful content, enforcing robust age checks for accessing age-restricted material, and taking swift action when harmful content is identified. Additionally, companies will be required to make their terms of service understandable for children, provide options for kids to decline group chat invitations that may expose them to harmful content, and offer support for children who encounter harmful material. A designated person will also be accountable for children's safety, and the management of risks to children will be reviewed annually by a senior body. If companies fail to comply with these regulations, Ofcom has the authority to impose fines and, in severe cases, seek a court order to prevent the site or app from being accessible in the UK. The NSPCC, a children's charity, has generally welcomed the new Codes, describing them as a pivotal moment for online safety. However, they have urged Ofcom to take further action, particularly regarding private messaging apps that often use encryption, which prevents platforms from monitoring the content being sent. In conclusion, these new regulations represent a significant step towards ensuring a safer online environment for children, but ongoing efforts will be necessary to address the evolving challenges of online safety.